As a long-time outdoor enthusiast and shooting sports aficionado, I’m frequently asked: what gun did Quigley use? The question stems from the legendary Quigley Shoot, an annual long-range shooting competition held in Buffalo, Wyoming (though often associated with Montana due to its proximity and the film’s influence). It’s a celebration of skill, historical firearms, and the spirit of the American West. This article will delve into the history of the event, the specific 45-100 Sharps rifle made famous by the movie, the details of the Quigley Shoot in Montana and Wyoming, and what it takes to participate. Understanding the origins and nuances of this competition is key for anyone interested in historical shooting or the cowboy action shooting world.
The story behind the Quigley Shoot isn’t rooted in Hollywood, but in a real-life shooting contest from the late 19th century. In 1878, a wealthy Englishman named Sir George Quigley challenged American sharpshooters to a long-range shooting match. He believed British riflemen were superior, and offered a substantial prize – $1,000 (a significant sum at the time) – to anyone who could consistently outshoot his team at 1,000 yards. The challenge was accepted, and the contest took place near Buffalo, Wyoming.
The American team, comprised of skilled buffalo hunters and frontiersmen, soundly defeated Quigley’s men. The event became a symbol of American marksmanship and self-reliance. The modern Quigley Shoot, revived in 1992 by the Big Timber Rifle and Pistol Club, aims to recreate the conditions and spirit of that original contest. Big Timber Rifle and Pistol Club is the primary organizer and host.
The original Quigley Shoot wasn’t just about bragging rights. It was a demonstration of the practical skills needed for survival and hunting on the American frontier. Buffalo hunters relied on accurate, long-range shooting to provide meat for a growing nation and support the railroad construction. The competition highlighted the effectiveness of American firearms and the expertise of its shooters. The event also contributed to the growing legend of the American West and its independent spirit.
The firearm most associated with the Quigley Shoot is the 45-100 Sharps rifle. While several rifles were used in the original 1878 match, the Sharps rifle, particularly in this caliber, became iconic. The movie "Quigley Down Under" (1990) starring Tom Selleck cemented this association in popular culture. The rifle used in the film was a custom-built reproduction, but it accurately represented the type of firearm used by many competitors in the original contest.
The 45-100 Sharps is a single-shot, breech-loading rifle known for its accuracy and power. It fires a large, heavy bullet, making it effective at long ranges. It’s a black powder cartridge, requiring careful loading and cleaning. The Sharps rifle was a favorite among buffalo hunters due to its flat trajectory and ability to deliver a devastating blow to large game. The National Park Service details the importance of firearms like the Sharps in the history of buffalo hunting.
Several variations of the Sharps rifle were produced, including different barrel lengths, sights, and stock configurations. Modern reproductions are available from several manufacturers, such as Shiloh Rifle Company and Pedersoli. These reproductions are often highly accurate and can be used for competitive shooting, historical reenactment, or simply collecting. However, owning and shooting a black powder rifle requires understanding of safe handling procedures and adherence to local regulations.
The modern Quigley Shoot is held annually, typically in June, at the Buffalo shooting range in Buffalo, Wyoming. While the event is often discussed in relation to Montana, the primary location is Wyoming. The competition is designed to replicate the conditions of the original 1878 match as closely as possible. Shooters fire at steel targets ranging in distance from 800 to 1,000 yards. The targets are relatively small, requiring exceptional accuracy and skill.
The competition is divided into several stages, with shooters taking multiple shots at each target. Scoring is based on the number of hits and the time taken to complete each stage. Participants are encouraged to use period-correct firearms, such as Sharps rifles, High Wall rifles, and other single-shot black powder rifles. Modern optics are generally prohibited, and shooters typically use iron sights or period-correct scopes.
The Quigley Shoot is more than just a shooting competition; it’s a celebration of the Old West. The event attracts shooters and spectators from all over the country and even internationally. There are demonstrations of black powder loading and shooting, historical displays, and opportunities to learn about the history of the American West. The atmosphere is friendly and welcoming, with a strong emphasis on sportsmanship and camaraderie. Expect to see a lot of impressive shooting, historical firearms, and cowboy attire!
Participating in the Quigley Shoot requires significant preparation. Here’s a checklist to help you get started:
It’s also crucial to practice extensively before the competition. Familiarize yourself with your rifle, develop a consistent shooting technique, and practice shooting at long ranges. Consider attending a black powder shooting clinic to learn proper loading and shooting procedures. Leave No Trace principles are also important to remember when shooting outdoors.
The area surrounding Buffalo, Wyoming, offers a wealth of outdoor activities and historical attractions. The Bighorn Mountains provide opportunities for hiking, camping, and fishing. The nearby town of Sheridan, Wyoming, is home to several museums and historical sites. You can also explore the historic trails of the Oregon Trail and the Bozeman Trail. The Quigley Shoot is a great excuse to experience the beauty and history of the American West.
Several local outfitters and guides offer services to shooters and outdoor enthusiasts in the Buffalo, Wyoming area. These services include firearm rentals, ammunition sales, and guided hunting and fishing trips. The local chamber of commerce can provide information on lodging, dining, and other local resources. Remember to check with the USDA Forest Service for any fire restrictions or closures before heading into the backcountry.
The Quigley Shoot is more than just a shooting competition; it’s a living tribute to the skill, courage, and self-reliance of the American frontiersmen. It’s a chance to connect with the past, celebrate the spirit of the West, and test your marksmanship skills against the best shooters in the country. Whether you’re a seasoned shooter or simply a history enthusiast, the Quigley Shoot is an event you won’t soon forget. And for those wondering again, the answer to what gun did quigley use? It’s the iconic 45-100 Sharps, a symbol of a bygone era.